Where to start?

If you are a beginner in this field, then do not neglect the advice of specialists. In this case, it is worth contacting consultants from agro-markets (garden, vegetable garden): with their help, you can avoid common mistakes in growing fruits and vegetables, and achieve good harvests in a short time. In addition to your grandmother’s tried-and-true gardening methods (although you shouldn’t forget them either), take care of

• quality seeds;
• fertilizers for the soil;
• plant protection products;
• convenient garden tools;
• rational use of the garden area.

This is the key to your success. And on the way to achieving it, try to use the advice of specialists.

Of course, growing vegetables and fruits is not easy, but the result is worth it:

• Firstly, humans are part of nature and, whether we like it or not, it is a source of our energy;
• Secondly, when you eat the fruits of your labor, you feel significant in this big world;
• Thirdly, if the result of your work gives you at least a minimum of independence, it is a victory (and it is very important today).

And there will be fourth and fifth things, too – just get started: in the years to come, you will not be looking for reasons why, but will know why.

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If you think that growing greens is not a serious activity, then you can grow vegetables for the New Year. You can also make good money from vegetables, especially if you choose the right time. Plus, you can grow several crops in a greenhouse, the main thing is to divide them correctly and create the right microclimate.

You can start by growing radishes and Chinese cabbage, they do not require much care, do not suffer from various diseases and can be stored for a long time (at the right temperatures).

Cucumbers also grow quite quickly, two months after sowing, you can already harvest the first crop, but they take up quite a lot of space in the greenhouse and require special care, the same situation is with tomatoes, yes, they are sold at a high price, but they also invest a lot in them. On top of that, tomatoes grow slowly, and you can harvest just over two crops a year.

Experienced summer residents do not like to tinker with cucumbers and call them capricious, as they can germinate at temperatures as low as 18 degrees, but the ideal temperature for them is 36 degrees. In cold weather, when it’s freezing outside, it will be extremely difficult to achieve such high temperatures. But if you decide to plant tomatoes, it is better to choose cocktail or cherry tomatoes, they are more readily bought, plus they are more expensive.
In addition to vegetables and herbs for sale, you can grow seedlings, which is a very interesting process. Of course, here, as in any other area, there are a lot of competitors, but you can easily find customers, because all gardeners and greenhouse owners need good seedlings, choose rare varieties.

However, you should be prepared for the fact that seedlings are difficult, time-consuming, and tiring. First, you need to find high-quality and healthy seeds, then they need to be hardened and selected. After that, you can start growing sprouts, dividing them, and transplanting them. Seedlings require a specific, precise microclimate and lighting. It is very easy to make a mistake, and then you simply will not have time to grow seedlings again.

Finding seeds. It would seem that it is easy to find good seeds, but it is really very difficult. The market is full of cheap and expensive, but low-quality seeds, which end up producing poor seedlings. The main thing in this case is to find good and trusted suppliers.

Soil. Another common mistake among beginners is to take soil directly from their garden or buy it in bags at garden centers. If you take ordinary home soil, then all the weeds and pests that have been waiting for a pleasant moment will find themselves in an ideal environment and begin to develop. In the second case, there is a 90% chance that your seedlings will simply burn out. Do not forget that the right soil is already the key to success, and each crop requires a unique composition.

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It is known that nitrate nitrogen is necessarily present in plants, because it is used to form amino acids and then proteins. Its level depends on the conditions in which vegetables grow – illumination, moisture reserves in the soil, temperature of the root layer of soil and surface air, and the age of the plant. For example, nitrates are higher in leaves, young shoots, and unripe fruits than in old shoots and ripe vegetables. Nitrates in green onion tops in an open garden are less than in greenhouse onions, but more than in onions, and lettuce or spinach contain more unwanted nitrogen than carrot roots.

According to the level of accumulation, nitrogenous compounds, including nitrate nitrogen, accumulate unevenly in different organs of the plant. For example, in squash, a large amount of nitrates is “located” near the stalk, in table beets – at the tip of the root crop. However, a high level of nitrates at the time of harvest does not necessarily indicate poor quality vegetables. For example, in the heads of late-ripening cabbage varieties, a high level of nitrates is sometimes noted during harvesting, but when ripening during storage, by the time of consumption (December – June), their amount returns to normal.

Also note that the amount of nitrates in certain vegetables depends on their variety. For example, carrots of the Sonata and Dayana varieties, which are characterized by high marketability and yield, accumulate few nitrates. By the way, these varieties have some of the best indicators in terms of carotene content (15 and 18 mg/kg) and taste (5 points).
Of course, the level of nitrates also depends on the growing conditions. For example, table beets grown on ridges in the Moscow region contained less nitrates than those grown on flat beds. And there were more sugars in the root crops with the ridge method of cultivation.

The amount of nitrates in vegetables increases if excessive doses of fertilizers are applied in an attempt to significantly increase the yield. Nitrogen-containing mineral fertilizers are mostly responsible for this. But too generous application of manure and litter also worsens the quality of the crop: nitrates accumulate in vegetables, reaching 150% of the MPC (maximum permissible concentration – Ed.). In other words, nitrate accumulation is affected by overfeeding with nitrogen-containing fertilizers. That is why the plant nutrition system must provide optimal doses and ratios of nutrients. It is not for nothing that supporters of ecological farming, when applying manure to the site, must necessarily embed straw in the soil or mulch the beds with peat, sawdust of hardwoods.

Our experiments have shown that a high yield of white cabbage, table beets, carrots, radishes with a minimum nitrate content can be obtained by combining Biocomp or vermicompost and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium mineral fertilizers (each 0.05 g / sq. M).

Unfortunately, there are few full-fledged organic fertilizers available now. Therefore, we recommend applying ready-made organic-mineral complexes (2/3 of the necessary elements) and compost to the soil when forming beds or planting holes. We advise you to feed with complex mineral fertilizers (1/3 of the dose) Kemira, Gidrocomlex, Aquarin, Polyfida. If there is no compost or other organic fertilizers or they are not enough, then to reduce the amount of nitrates in vegetables, we recommend incorporating crushed charcoal into the soil along with mineral fertilizers.

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